4. Work , Upskilling and Polarization

For an empirically based critical view of Bell see Brynin (2002) 'Over-qualification in employment', Work, Employment and Society, 16 (4): 637–54 and for a supportive one read Gallie (1991) 'Patterns of skill change: upskilling, deskilling or the polarization of skills?', Work, Employment and Society, 5 (3): 319–51.

An overview of the sociology of skill has been provided by Vallas (1990) 'The concept of skill: a critical review', Work and Occupations, 17 (4): 379–98